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nature came to be conceived as a
commodity
in the West
+5
economics
marchandise
Le passage emploie le terme de manière critique pour décrire la vision occidentale de la nature comme quelque chose ayant une valeur d’échange.
Environmental Humanities in India
This collection examines environmental questions in India through literature, culture, Indigenous knowledge and the arts. Its essays explore relationships between people and landscapes, conservation, ecological justice and representations of environmental change.
A basic fact about most
commodities
, including money, is that they are subject to diminishing marginal returns.
+3
economics
marchandise
bien
Désigne au sens large les biens, y compris l’argent, dont l’utilité peut changer à mesure qu’une personne en acquiert davantage.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
riches and
commodities
from place to place
+2
trade
marchandise
Désigne des marchandises commercialisables transportées par des navires.
Men of Invention and Industry
"Men of Invention and Industry" by Samuel Smiles is a historical account likely written in the late 19th century. The book examines the lives and contributions of various inventors and industrialists, highlighting their impact on society, particularly within British industry, with an emphasis on significant advancements such as shipbuilding and steam power. The opening of the book sets the stage with a discussion of the early history of English shipbuilding, beginning with the figure of Phineas Pett. It explores the humble beginnings of the British navy and the advancements made under historical figures like Henry VIII. Various early challenges in shipbuilding are elucidated, alongside the importance of foreign expertise in developing England’s maritime capabilities. The narrative illustrates a shift from a heavy reliance on importing goods and expertise to a burgeoning English independence in shipbuilding and trade, paving the way for a stronger national identity tied to maritime innovation.
That is, starvation is thus related to ownership and having
command over commodities
.
economics
pouvoir de disposer des biens
La capacité de contrôler ou d’obtenir des biens grâce à ses ressources ou à sa position économique.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
Or in the case in economies that do not have diversified output, negative growth rates could be the consequence of a drop in the prices of the main export
commodities
and deterioration of the country’s terms of trade.
economics
matière première
produit de base
Désigne les principaux biens qu’un pays vend à l’étranger, dont les prix peuvent affecter sa croissance économique.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
In
Commodities
and Culture in the Colonial World, eds.
economics
marchandise
Désigne des biens en tant qu’objets d’échange dans le monde colonial.
European Theatre Migrants in the Age of Empire
This collection examines the journeys and working lives of European theatre practitioners during the age of empire. Historical case studies explore migration, performance, cultural exchange and the political conditions shaping theatrical careers across national borders.
The reconstruction of this link is particularly significant in the age of technological advances to not only persuade the population to reduce their carbon footprint but also to advocate for the non-human beings of the Earth whom people
regard as commodities
.
environment
considérer comme des marchandises
Traiter ou percevoir les êtres vivants comme des objets qui peuvent être achetés et vendus.
Environmental Humanities in India
This collection examines environmental questions in India through literature, culture, Indigenous knowledge and the arts. Its essays explore relationships between people and landscapes, conservation, ecological justice and representations of environmental change.
Mission-Devanna began to
look at plants as a commodity
.
colonialism
considérer les plantes comme des marchandises
Considérer les plantes en fonction de leur valeur économique et de leur valeur d’échange, plutôt que de leur relation avec les personnes ou l’environnement.
Environmental Humanities in India
This collection examines environmental questions in India through literature, culture, Indigenous knowledge and the arts. Its essays explore relationships between people and landscapes, conservation, ecological justice and representations of environmental change.
With the Kodava community considering
native plants as commodities
, they cleared hundreds of “acres of underbrush from beneath their holdings of rosewood, and turn[ed] to coffee” (Mandanna, 2010, 222; Nambisan, 2010, 261).
environment
plantes indigènes en tant que marchandises
Plantes indigènes considérées principalement comme des biens ayant une valeur économique.
Environmental Humanities in India
This collection examines environmental questions in India through literature, culture, Indigenous knowledge and the arts. Its essays explore relationships between people and landscapes, conservation, ecological justice and representations of environmental change.
Nature
came to be conceived as a commodity
in the West.
humanities
en venir à être considéré comme une marchandise
Décrit un changement dans la façon dont quelque chose est compris : la nature a commencé à être considérée comme un bien ayant une valeur commerciale.
Environmental Humanities in India
This collection examines environmental questions in India through literature, culture, Indigenous knowledge and the arts. Its essays explore relationships between people and landscapes, conservation, ecological justice and representations of environmental change.
the multiplication of the
commodities
economics
marchandise
Cela désigne de manière générale les biens disponibles grâce à une augmentation de la production.
The Advance of Science in the Last Half-Century
"The Advance of Science in the Last Half-Century" by Thomas Henry Huxley is a scientific publication written in the late 19th century. The work examines the significant advancements in physical science, technology, and their impact on civilization over the past fifty years, showcasing how these developments have transformed human life and understanding. Huxley aims to provide a comprehensive overview of scientific progress and its implications for society. The opening of this publication sets the stage by reflecting upon the remarkable increase in industrial production and the pivotal role of physical science during the Victorian era. Huxley outlines how machinery and improved techniques have elevated living standards and mitigated suffering from diseases and scarcity. He discusses the historical context of scientific inquiry, highlighting the evolution of natural knowledge since ancient Greece and the importance of hypotheses in driving scientific progress. The beginning emphasizes the interconnectedness of scientific advancements with industrial growth and societal changes, asserting that the pursuit of knowledge has been, and should be, an intrinsic motivation beyond mere utilitarian outcomes.
has but one
commodity
to sell
economics
marchandise
Le travail quotidien du travailleur est décrit comme la seule chose qu’il a à vendre.
Men of Invention and Industry
"Men of Invention and Industry" by Samuel Smiles is a historical account likely written in the late 19th century. The book examines the lives and contributions of various inventors and industrialists, highlighting their impact on society, particularly within British industry, with an emphasis on significant advancements such as shipbuilding and steam power. The opening of the book sets the stage with a discussion of the early history of English shipbuilding, beginning with the figure of Phineas Pett. It explores the humble beginnings of the British navy and the advancements made under historical figures like Henry VIII. Various early challenges in shipbuilding are elucidated, alongside the importance of foreign expertise in developing England’s maritime capabilities. The narrative illustrates a shift from a heavy reliance on importing goods and expertise to a burgeoning English independence in shipbuilding and trade, paving the way for a stronger national identity tied to maritime innovation.
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