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compounding
UK
/kəmˈpaʊndɪŋ/
US
/kəmˈpaʊndɪŋ/
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A similar action takes place when a current of electricity passes through a liquid, with the result that the liquid is decomposed—that is, the liquid is broken up into its original
compounds
.
+3
chemistry
composé chimique
Employé dans son sens chimique pour désigner une substance constituée d’éléments combinés chimiquement.
Electricity for Boys
"Electricity for Boys" by James Slough Zerbe is a practical guide written in the early 20th century. This work falls within the category of educational publications aimed at teaching young boys the fundamental concepts and applications of electricity through hands-on experiments. It emphasizes the importance of practical experience and experimentation over theoretical knowledge alone. The beginning of the text introduces the fascinating world of electricity, stressing the value of learning through practical application while experimenting with various tools and techniques. Zerbe explains that electricity can be understood better when boys engage directly with the material rather than through rote memorization of its principles. He lays out the book's fundamental approach to education, which involves experimenting, building, and discovering the principles that govern electrical phenomena. This foundational philosophy sets the stage for the more detailed chapters on specific electrical concepts and devices, reflecting a broader goal of fostering critical thinking and hands-on learning among young readers.
forming chemical
compounds
+2
chemistry
composés
Désigne des substances formées lorsque des corps plus simples s’unissent dans des proportions fixes.
The Advance of Science in the Last Half-Century
"The Advance of Science in the Last Half-Century" by Thomas Henry Huxley is a scientific publication written in the late 19th century. The work examines the significant advancements in physical science, technology, and their impact on civilization over the past fifty years, showcasing how these developments have transformed human life and understanding. Huxley aims to provide a comprehensive overview of scientific progress and its implications for society. The opening of this publication sets the stage by reflecting upon the remarkable increase in industrial production and the pivotal role of physical science during the Victorian era. Huxley outlines how machinery and improved techniques have elevated living standards and mitigated suffering from diseases and scarcity. He discusses the historical context of scientific inquiry, highlighting the evolution of natural knowledge since ancient Greece and the importance of hypotheses in driving scientific progress. The beginning emphasizes the interconnectedness of scientific advancements with industrial growth and societal changes, asserting that the pursuit of knowledge has been, and should be, an intrinsic motivation beyond mere utilitarian outcomes.
on the
compound
principle
+2
engineering
à détente étagée
Décrit le principe du moteur à expansion multiple, qui utilise la détente de la vapeur en plusieurs étapes.
Men of Invention and Industry
"Men of Invention and Industry" by Samuel Smiles is a historical account likely written in the late 19th century. The book examines the lives and contributions of various inventors and industrialists, highlighting their impact on society, particularly within British industry, with an emphasis on significant advancements such as shipbuilding and steam power. The opening of the book sets the stage with a discussion of the early history of English shipbuilding, beginning with the figure of Phineas Pett. It explores the humble beginnings of the British navy and the advancements made under historical figures like Henry VIII. Various early challenges in shipbuilding are elucidated, alongside the importance of foreign expertise in developing England’s maritime capabilities. The narrative illustrates a shift from a heavy reliance on importing goods and expertise to a burgeoning English independence in shipbuilding and trade, paving the way for a stronger national identity tied to maritime innovation.
To ascertain the facts by experience, we dispatched Mr. Alexander Wilson to make a number of voyages in steam vessels fitted with the best examples of
compound engines
.
+1
engineering
machine à vapeur compound
Machines à vapeur qui utilisent la vapeur successivement dans des cylindres à différentes pressions.
Men of Invention and Industry
"Men of Invention and Industry" by Samuel Smiles is a historical account likely written in the late 19th century. The book examines the lives and contributions of various inventors and industrialists, highlighting their impact on society, particularly within British industry, with an emphasis on significant advancements such as shipbuilding and steam power. The opening of the book sets the stage with a discussion of the early history of English shipbuilding, beginning with the figure of Phineas Pett. It explores the humble beginnings of the British navy and the advancements made under historical figures like Henry VIII. Various early challenges in shipbuilding are elucidated, alongside the importance of foreign expertise in developing England’s maritime capabilities. The narrative illustrates a shift from a heavy reliance on importing goods and expertise to a burgeoning English independence in shipbuilding and trade, paving the way for a stronger national identity tied to maritime innovation.
This becomes
compounded
, as smaller countries tend to first close their representations in other small countries.
diplomacy
aggraver
compliquer
Cela indique que la difficulté s’accroît parce que les petits pays ont tendance à fermer en premier leurs bureaux dans d’autres petits pays.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
Smerdel, for example, has argued that ‘full membership accentuates the importance of a well justified theoretical position on the part of the Croatian legal community, towards the issues of its constitutional identity within the
compound community of states
’.
law
communauté composée d’États
Une communauté politique composée de plusieurs États et structures constitutionnelles.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
compounding
matters and making the post-disaster situation significantly worse
general
aggraver
Employé au sens figuré : l’accaparement s’ajoute aux problèmes déjà causés par la catastrophe.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
...
compounding matters
and making the post-disaster situation significantly worse.
general
aggravant les choses
En aggravant une situation déjà difficile.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
The further promotion of AI requires the city to provide a
compound
development scenario
urban
composé
Cela décrit un scénario de développement qui combine plusieurs éléments.
The AI City
This book develops the concept of an artificial intelligence city and examines its theoretical foundations, technologies and applications. Practical cases explore how urban planning and intelligent systems can support city development, services and management.
The further promotion of AI requires the city to provide a
compound development scenario
urban
scénario de développement combiné
Un plan ou scénario de développement qui combine plusieurs aspects ou besoins.
The AI City
This book develops the concept of an artificial intelligence city and examines its theoretical foundations, technologies and applications. Practical cases explore how urban planning and intelligent systems can support city development, services and management.
with a
compound annual growth rate
(CAGR) reaching 14.12%
finance
taux de croissance annuel composé
Le taux annuel moyen auquel une valeur augmente sur une période, en tenant compte de la capitalisation.
The AI City
This book develops the concept of an artificial intelligence city and examines its theoretical foundations, technologies and applications. Practical cases explore how urban planning and intelligent systems can support city development, services and management.
The market was expected to experience a robust
compound
annual growth rate.
economics
composé
Fait partie du terme financier « taux de croissance annuel composé » ; il indique une croissance composée.
User Experience + Artificial Intelligence: Assessing the Qualities of AI-infused Systems
This study develops a method for evaluating the user experience of systems that incorporate artificial intelligence. It examines existing approaches, validates the AIXE evaluation scale and applies it to domestic smart speakers.
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