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indispensable
UK
/ˌɪndɪˈspɛnsəbl/
US
/ˌɪndɪˈspɛnsəbl/
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Its successive incorporation in the German Confederation (1815–1866), the ‘Zollverein’ (1842–1918), the Belgo-Luxembourg Economic Union (from 1921) and the Benelux Union (from 1944) have, on the contrary, enabled Luxembourg to acquire
indispensable
experience for being prepared for the legal implications of its membership of the European Communities and Union.
+10
general
необходимый
крайне необходимый
Слово подчёркивает, что эти цели необходимы для защиты общественных интересов.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
The sea could endanger his
indispensable
implement, the bellows.
+2
general
незаменимый
крайне необходимый
необходимый
Описывает обязанности на борту, которыми нельзя пренебрегать.
Records of a Family of Engineers
"Records of a Family of Engineers" by Robert Louis Stevenson is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book delves into the lineage of the Stevenson family, particularly focusing on their contributions as engineers and their experiences across generations in Scotland, intertwining personal anecdotes with broader historical narratives. The opening of the book introduces the reader to the Stevenson family tree, tracing their surname's evolution and historical context from the 13th century onward. It reveals a lineage that has faced both successes and tragedies, with a particular focus on the early lives of James Stevenson, his brother Hugh, and their heir, Robert Stevenson. The text sketches their aspirations, marriages, and struggles, ultimately painting a portrait of a family deeply rooted in the engineering profession, set against the backdrop of the rugged Scottish landscape and societal changes of their time. This initial section not only captures the essence of their individual experiences but sets the stage for further exploration of the family's lasting impact on engineering.
the letter was
indispensable
+2
general
необходимый
незаменимый
Ключ назван незаменимым, потому что без него дверь нельзя было бы запереть.
The Extraordinary Adventures of Arsène Lupin, Gentleman-Burglar
"The Extraordinary Adventures of Arsène Lupin, Gentleman-Burglar" by Maurice Leblanc is a collection of stories published in 1907. This debut collection introduces the charming and cunning Arsène Lupin, a master thief who outsmarts police and high society alike. Through nine tales of daring heists, clever disguises, and audacious escapes, Lupin proves himself an unmatched criminal genius. From shipboard robberies to prison breaks, he taunts authorities—including a famous English detective—while stealing priceless treasures with impeccable style and wit.
The powers seem
indispensable
for the effective enforcement of competition law.
+1
law
необходимый
Подчёркивает, что рост, основанный на инвестициях, необходим бедным странам, хотя и не является для них единственным источником роста.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
his able management was almost
indispensable
to the continued success
+1
general
незаменимый
необходимый
Описывает трезвость как необходимое качество водителя.
Men of Invention and Industry
"Men of Invention and Industry" by Samuel Smiles is a historical account likely written in the late 19th century. The book examines the lives and contributions of various inventors and industrialists, highlighting their impact on society, particularly within British industry, with an emphasis on significant advancements such as shipbuilding and steam power. The opening of the book sets the stage with a discussion of the early history of English shipbuilding, beginning with the figure of Phineas Pett. It explores the humble beginnings of the British navy and the advancements made under historical figures like Henry VIII. Various early challenges in shipbuilding are elucidated, alongside the importance of foreign expertise in developing England’s maritime capabilities. The narrative illustrates a shift from a heavy reliance on importing goods and expertise to a burgeoning English independence in shipbuilding and trade, paving the way for a stronger national identity tied to maritime innovation.
Fulfilment of the basic constitutional principles of fair trial by a foreign court
is indispensable for
the recognition of its judgment.
law
необходим для
Указывает, что что-либо абсолютно необходимо для результата или процесса.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
The matter is currently determined by an Enabling Act (loi d’habilitation) adopted by the Chambre in 1971, which is criticised because of technical insufficiencies and its limited scope, but is considered
indispensable in principle
.
law
в принципе необходимый
Необходимый с точки зрения принципа, несмотря на возможные практические недостатки.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
At the end of the day, it is investment based growth that is an
indispensable engine of growth
for the poor countries, although it is not the only one.
economics
незаменимый двигатель роста
Необходимый фактор, обеспечивающий экономический рост.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
The internet became
an indispensable tool in daily life
.
technology
незаменимый инструмент в повседневной жизни
Нечто необходимое, на что люди полагаются в повседневной жизни.
The AI City
This book develops the concept of an artificial intelligence city and examines its theoretical foundations, technologies and applications. Practical cases explore how urban planning and intelligent systems can support city development, services and management.
is an
indispensable
factor to making sense of this kind of objects and services
research
необходимый
Подчёркивает, что точное описание продуктов с ИИ необходимо для их понимания.
User Experience + Artificial Intelligence: Assessing the Qualities of AI-infused Systems
This study develops a method for evaluating the user experience of systems that incorporate artificial intelligence. It examines existing approaches, validates the AIXE evaluation scale and applies it to domestic smart speakers.
is an
indispensable factor
to making sense of this kind of objects and services
research
необходимый фактор
Фактор, который считается необходимым для достижения или понимания чего-либо.
User Experience + Artificial Intelligence: Assessing the Qualities of AI-infused Systems
This study develops a method for evaluating the user experience of systems that incorporate artificial intelligence. It examines existing approaches, validates the AIXE evaluation scale and applies it to domestic smart speakers.
a most efficient, indeed an
indispensable
, instrument of scientific progress
science
необходимый
Подчёркивает, что гипотезы необходимы для научного прогресса, несмотря на критику Бэкона.
The Advance of Science in the Last Half-Century
"The Advance of Science in the Last Half-Century" by Thomas Henry Huxley is a scientific publication written in the late 19th century. The work examines the significant advancements in physical science, technology, and their impact on civilization over the past fifty years, showcasing how these developments have transformed human life and understanding. Huxley aims to provide a comprehensive overview of scientific progress and its implications for society. The opening of this publication sets the stage by reflecting upon the remarkable increase in industrial production and the pivotal role of physical science during the Victorian era. Huxley outlines how machinery and improved techniques have elevated living standards and mitigated suffering from diseases and scarcity. He discusses the historical context of scientific inquiry, highlighting the evolution of natural knowledge since ancient Greece and the importance of hypotheses in driving scientific progress. The beginning emphasizes the interconnectedness of scientific advancements with industrial growth and societal changes, asserting that the pursuit of knowledge has been, and should be, an intrinsic motivation beyond mere utilitarian outcomes.
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