The contract justification for the difference principle is distinguished from a basically utilitarian rationale.+2
philosophy
principe de différence
Un principe rawlsien qui sert à évaluer les inégalités sociales et économiques en fonction de leurs effets sur les plus défavorisés.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
The Difference-in-Differences Technique+2
econometrics
méthode des doubles différences
Une technique statistique utilisée pour estimer l’effet d’une intervention en comparant les changements entre groupes au fil du temps.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
The difference of treatment between the companies is likely to disadvantage steel companies.+1
law
différence de traitement
traitement différencié
Une manière dont un groupe est traité différemment d’un autre.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
Difference+1
statistics
différence
En tant qu’en-tête de tableau, il désigne la comparaison entre les valeurs avant et après la fusion.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
Difference-in-Differences as a Tool for Ex-Post Analysis of Mergers: The Case of a Merger in the Romanian Retail Market+1
economics
différences-en-différences
méthode des doubles différences
Méthode statistique utilisée pour estimer l’effet d’une intervention en comparant les changements entre groupes au fil du temps.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
Disabled childhoods: Monitoring differences and emerging identities (1st ed.).+1
disability
différence
Le mot désigne les variations dans les enfances d’enfants handicapés qui sont examinées dans le livre.
Child-Centred Music Therapy
This book examines how the best interests of the child can guide music therapy theory, research and practice. Drawing on children’s rights and sociocultural perspectives, it reviews research on family care, education, mental health and paediatric settings, and discusses participation and ethical decision-making.
Therapy that makes a difference after placement.+1
general
effet
changement positif
Dans l’expression « faire une différence », cela signifie que la thérapie a un effet significatif.
Child-Centred Music Therapy
This book examines how the best interests of the child can guide music therapy theory, research and practice. Drawing on children’s rights and sociocultural perspectives, it reviews research on family care, education, mental health and paediatric settings, and discusses participation and ethical decision-making.
Does gratitude intervention make a difference among Chinese school teachers in Hong Kong?+1
education
faire une différence
Avoir un effet ou produire un changement perceptible ; ici, influer sur la satisfaction à l’égard de la vie.
The Ultimate Guide to Teacher Well-Being
This practical guide explains how education policy, school environments and individual habits can support teacher well-being. It presents research-based measures, implementation steps and examples from schools around the world, with dashboards for assessing the evidence and likely impact of each approach.
Difference: +2 facts.+1
statistics
écart
Cela désigne l’écart entre les deux scores rapportés.
Memory study B: colour headings
Accessible representation of the independent PDF and its original visual. Same document, not a third independent material.
The researchers described a three-word difference in their sample.+1
statistics
écart
Il s’agit de l’écart entre les résultats des groupes au rappel des mots dans cet échantillon.
The Memory Effect Became Smaller
A complete original case with embedded dialogue and evidence limits.
At twelve months, the adjusted difference in average daily steps compared with usual care was 642 for the postal group and 677 for the nurse-supported group.+1
statistics
différence
La comparaison rapportée des résultats entre les deux interventions.
More Steps, but Which Claim Is Supported?
A complete original case with embedded dialogue and evidence limits.