Dans l’expression « économie souterraine », ce terme désigne une activité économique dissimulée aux déclarations officielles ou à la réglementation.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
the man who lost his shadow+2
fiction
ombre
L’ombre perdue est une métaphore saisissante de la perte de son identité ou de son sens de soi.
The Extraordinary Adventures of Arsène Lupin, Gentleman-Burglar
"The Extraordinary Adventures of Arsène Lupin, Gentleman-Burglar" by Maurice Leblanc is a collection of stories published in 1907. This debut collection introduces the charming and cunning Arsène Lupin, a master thief who outsmarts police and high society alike. Through nine tales of daring heists, clever disguises, and audacious escapes, Lupin proves himself an unmatched criminal genius. From shipboard robberies to prison breaks, he taunts authorities—including a famous English detective—while stealing priceless treasures with impeccable style and wit.
The shadow of the dictatorship still loomed large.+1
history
ombre
Décrit métaphoriquement l’influence persistante de l’ancienne dictature.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
The hope of the afterlife is part of what allows Christians to hold on to the promise of a better life after this ‘valley of the shadow of death’ (Psalm 23:4).+1
religion
ombre
Dans l’expression biblique « l’ombre de la mort », ombre évoque la menace et l’obscurité de la mort.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
Digital Shadows (unidirectional data exchange)+1
computing
ombre numérique
Désigne l’étape intermédiaire du jumeau numérique avec un échange de données unidirectionnel.
Building Digital Twins
These conference proceedings present research on building digital twins and the transition to sustainable, resilient built environments. Contributions address building information modelling, indoor environmental assessment, smart sensors, energy performance and related digital technologies.
the “shadow garden of the transatlantic plantation”+1
literature
ombre
Le mot est employé métaphoriquement dans l’expression « jardin d’ombres » pour suggérer une histoire cachée et inquiétante.
Environmental Humanities in India
This collection examines environmental questions in India through literature, culture, Indigenous knowledge and the arts. Its essays explore relationships between people and landscapes, conservation, ecological justice and representations of environmental change.
An interruption could be a different colour, spacing or shadow; it did not have to be a staged object.+1
art
ombre
Une ombre peut servir d’interruption visuelle sans ajouter d’objet physique à la scène.
Six pictures, not six unrelated stops
A complete original case with embedded dialogue and evidence limits.
I hear now that Voice at midnight calling me from dull and dreamless trance, — crying, “The Shadow of Death!+1
literature
l’ombre de la mort
Une personnification menaçante ou une présence symbolique de la mort.
The Souls of Black Folk
"The Souls of Black Folk" by W. E. B. Du Bois is a collection of essays published in 1903. This groundbreaking work explores the African-American experience through personal observations and social analysis. Du Bois introduces influential concepts like "double consciousness"—the experience of viewing oneself through both one's own eyes and those of a prejudiced society—and "the veil" that separates black and white Americans. Through essays on education, freedom, and justice, he examines the color line dividing races and argues for voting rights, quality education, and equal treatment.
Turning sharply, he saw rising gradually higher and higher up the omnibus steps a top hat soiled and dripping with snow, and under the shadow of its brim the short-sighted face and shaky shoulders of Professor de Worms.+1
general
à l’ombre de
Être physiquement dans l’ombre projetée par une personne ou un objet proche.
The Man Who Was Thursday: A Nightmare
"The Man Who Was Thursday: A Nightmare" by G. K. Chesterton is a philosophical novel with elements of adventure and satire, written in the late 19th century. The story revolves around the enigmatic character Gabriel Syme, a police detective who infiltrates a group of anarchists in London to uncover their plans and identities. As the narrative unfolds, it explores complex themes of order, chaos, and the nature of evil, often through witty dialogue and absurd situations that challenge conventional thinking. At the start of the novel, readers are introduced to the suburb of Saffron Park, with its colorful and eccentric inhabitants, primarily poets and artists. One evening, during a striking sunset, the anarchistic poet Lucian Gregory meets Gabriel Syme, who surprises him with bold arguments in favor of law and order, challenging Gregory's views. Their conversation escalates into a duel of ideologies when Gregory reveals his deep commitment to anarchism, which leads to a confrontation between the two. In a twist of fate, Syme's true identity as a detective is disclosed, and as he joins the anarchists disguised as one of them, the stage is set for a profound exploration of the philosophical conflict between chaos and structure in society.
The dialogue between the Council of State and the European Court of Human Rights, which in the past has produced some fruitful results concerning rights protection, has turned into a monologue under the ‘shadow’of the financial crisis.
law
dans l’ombre de la crise financière
Qui a lieu alors qu’il est éclipsé ou fortement affecté par la crise financière.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
High-latitude eruptions cast shadow over the African monsoon and the flow of the Nile.
climate
assombrir
jeter une ombre sur
Avoir un effet négatif sur quelque chose ; ici, les éruptions affectent la mousson et le débit des fleuves.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
The hope of the afterlife is part of what allows Christians to hold on to the promise of a better life after this ‘valley of the shadow of death’ (Psalm 23:4).
religion
vallée de l’ombre de la mort
Image biblique désignant un lieu ou une période de danger extrême, de souffrance ou de proximité avec la mort.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.