average

UK
/ˈæv.ər.ɪdʒ/
US
/ˈæv.ɚ.ɪdʒ/

Библиотека

The average rank score is computed across all experts for each technology. +6
statistics
средний
среднее значение
Описывает температуры, рассчитанные по показаниям нескольких датчиков.
Building Digital Twins
These conference proceedings present research on building digital twins and the transition to sustainable, resilient built environments. Contributions address building information modelling, indoor environmental assessment, smart sensors, energy performance and related digital technologies.
Building Digital Twins
the average harm +5
economics
средний
Используется в статистическом термине «средний эффект воздействия».
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
Comparison Greece v. OECD Average—OECD PMR (2013a). +2
economics
средний показатель
среднее значение
средний
Часть статистического термина «средний эффект воздействия».
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
Another advantage, inherent to the regression analysis, is that β 3 will capture the average treatment effect, as it is estimated using data over two periods of time, before and after the merger, not just the two particular moments in time, denoted as 1 and 2 in the figures above. +2
econometrics
средний эффект воздействия
Средний эффект воздействия или вмешательства для соответствующей группы.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
According to the latest report, between 2005 and 2009, on average, Spain issued 533.8 EAWs per year and executed 73.4 EAWs per year. +1
general
в среднем
Используется, чтобы указать среднее значение за период или по нескольким случаям.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
By 1950 the global average had reached 47 years (United Nations 2017). +1
statistics
среднее значение
средний показатель
Служит ориентиром для сравнения прогресса в нестабильных условиях.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive.
Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories
Marginal costs C are assumed constant, i.e. equal to average costs. +1
economics
средние издержки
Общие издержки производства, делённые на объём выпуска; здесь предполагается, что они равны предельным издержкам.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
The CA determines the average harm from this subclass of conducts. +1
economics
средний ущерб
Средний размер ущерба, связанного с подклассом поведения.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
Examining the entire dataset, which includes both UK and US respondents from 2021 and 2023, smart speakers’general user experience (UX) is perceived as slightly above average. +1
technology
немного выше среднего
Немного лучше или выше среднего уровня.
User Experience + Artificial Intelligence: Assessing the Qualities of AI-infused Systems
This study develops a method for evaluating the user experience of systems that incorporate artificial intelligence. It examines existing approaches, validates the AIXE evaluation scale and applies it to domestic smart speakers.
User Experience + Artificial Intelligence: Assessing the Qualities of AI-infused Systems
Average CO2, ppm +1
environment
средняя концентрация CO₂
Средняя концентрация CO₂, зафиксированная в измерениях.
Building Digital Twins
These conference proceedings present research on building digital twins and the transition to sustainable, resilient built environments. Contributions address building information modelling, indoor environmental assessment, smart sensors, energy performance and related digital technologies.
Building Digital Twins
Average RH, °C +1
environment
средняя относительная влажность
Среднее значение относительной влажности, зафиксированное в измерениях.
Building Digital Twins
These conference proceedings present research on building digital twins and the transition to sustainable, resilient built environments. Contributions address building information modelling, indoor environmental assessment, smart sensors, energy performance and related digital technologies.
Building Digital Twins
After ten minutes, the picture group recalled an average of fourteen words and the other group recalled eleven. +1
statistics
среднее значение
в среднем
Используется в выражении «on average», чтобы указать типичное число слов, вспомненных участниками группы.
The Memory Effect Became Smaller
A complete original case with embedded dialogue and evidence limits.