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confounding

UK
/kənˈfaʊndɪŋ/
US
/kənˈfaʊndɪŋ/
confoundinggerund / present participle
UK
/kənˈfaʊndɪŋ/
US
/kənˈfaʊndɪŋ/
Used attributively and predicatively to describe something that confuses.
Translations
The confounding instructions left everyone unsure of how to proceed.
Les instructions déconcertantes ont laissé tout le monde dans l'incertitude quant à la marche à suivre.
Additional translations
déroutant
Definitions
Causing confusion or perplexity; bewildering.
The confounding instructions left everyone unsure of how to proceed.
Surprisingly complex or difficult to understand.
The confounding puzzle took hours to solve.
Synonyms
baffling
astonishingly
confusing
bewildering
puzzling
perplexing
astonishing
confoundingnoun
UK
/kənˈfaʊndɪŋ/
US
/kənˈfaʊndɪŋ/
Uncountable term in statistics/epidemiology for distortion of effects.
Translations
biais de confusionTermes de statistique et d'épidémiologie.
Researchers adjusted their analysis to minimise confounding by socioeconomic status.
Les chercheurs ont ajusté leur analyse afin de minimiser le biais de confusion lié au statut socio-économique.
Definitions
The distortion of the observed relationship between an exposure and an outcome caused by the influence of a third variable.
Researchers adjusted their analysis to minimise confounding by socioeconomic status.
Synonyms
confounding variable
confusion
bewilderment
perplexity
puzzlement
bafflement
mystification
disorientation
obfuscation
confounder
confoundverb

confounding

ing-form

confounded
Past Simple
confounded
Past Participle
confounding
ing-form
UK
/kənˈfaʊnd/
US
/kənˈfaʊnd/
Translations
The magician's tricks confound the audience every time.
Les tours du magicien déconcentrent le public à chaque fois.
démentirEn parlant d’une théorie, d’une attente ou d’une prévision.
The scientist's new findings confound the previous hypothesis.
Les nouvelles découvertes du scientifique démentent l’hypothèse précédente.
Do not confound correlation with causation.
Il ne faut pas confondre corrélation et causalité.
Additional translations
ruinerSens archaïque.
Definitions
To cause surprise or confusion in someone, especially by acting against their expectations.
The magician's tricks confound the audience every time.
To confuse or mix up (a person, thing, or idea) with another; to fail to distinguish correctly between two things.
Do not confound correlation with causation.
To prove a theory, expectation, or prediction wrong.
The scientist's new findings confound the previous hypothesis.
Archaic: To defeat, overthrow, or bring to ruin (plans, hopes, or an enemy); to thwart.
May their evil schemes be confounded before they come to fruition.
Synonyms
perplex
dumbfound
stun
astonish
mystify
confuse
baffle
bewilder
confoundnoun
Definitions
An extraneous factor that obscures or distorts the causal relationship between variables in an experiment or study.
Failure to control for temperature was a major confound in the results.
confoundinterjection
Definitions
Used as a mild exclamation to express annoyance, anger, or surprise.
Confound! I left my wallet at home.
confoundadjective
Definitions
Serving as a confounding factor; likely to distort or obscure interpretation (especially in statistics/experimental design).
Age was treated as a confound variable in the regression model.
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