Any non-zero diversion from W to X accompanied by any non-zero margin on X would yield a positive value for GUPPI.
economics
ненулевой переход потребителей с товара W на товар X
Положительный объём перехода спроса с товара W на товар X.
Competition Authorities in South Eastern Europe: Building Institutions in Emerging Markets
This open access book provides answers to key open questions concerning competition policy in emerging economies, with a focus on South Eastern Europe. The contributions address two major issues. One is the design of competition policy and the national competition authorities that enforce it, including the topics of competition advocacy and state aid control; the other is the use of economic methods in competition law enforcement, especially in the cases of relevant market definition and merger control. Many lessons learned in the countries of South Eastern Europe can be applied to the emerging markets of other regions. As such, the findings presented here will be highly relevant for officials and staff at national competition authorities, advisers to legislators shaping national competition policy, competition law professionals, and university students alike. ; Presents topical insights into the institutional design of national competition authorities Offers specific economic methods relevant for competition law enforcement Linked to a dedicated website providing information about ongoing competition law cases in SEE countries
• Calculation of Kendall’s Concordance Coefficient (W).
statistics
коэффициент конкордации Кендалла
Статистический показатель, используемый для измерения согласованности ранжированных оценок.
Building Digital Twins
These conference proceedings present research on building digital twins and the transition to sustainable, resilient built environments. Contributions address building information modelling, indoor environmental assessment, smart sensors, energy performance and related digital technologies.
The wind having in the course of the day shifted to the N.W., the passage to the tender was likely to be attended with difficulty.
meteorology
переменился на северо-западный
Описывает смену направления ветра на северо-западное.
Records of a Family of Engineers
"Records of a Family of Engineers" by Robert Louis Stevenson is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book delves into the lineage of the Stevenson family, particularly focusing on their contributions as engineers and their experiences across generations in Scotland, intertwining personal anecdotes with broader historical narratives. The opening of the book introduces the reader to the Stevenson family tree, tracing their surname's evolution and historical context from the 13th century onward. It reveals a lineage that has faced both successes and tragedies, with a particular focus on the early lives of James Stevenson, his brother Hugh, and their heir, Robert Stevenson. The text sketches their aspirations, marriages, and struggles, ultimately painting a portrait of a family deeply rooted in the engineering profession, set against the backdrop of the rugged Scottish landscape and societal changes of their time. This initial section not only captures the essence of their individual experiences but sets the stage for further exploration of the family's lasting impact on engineering.
As it blew fresh from the N.W. in the evening, it was found impracticable either to land the building artificers or to take the artificers off the beacon, and they were accordingly left there all night, but in circumstances very different from those of the 1st of this month.
maritime
с северо-запада дул довольно сильный ветер
Описывает достаточно сильный ветер, дующий с северо-запада; fresh — морской термин для характеристики силы ветра.
Records of a Family of Engineers
"Records of a Family of Engineers" by Robert Louis Stevenson is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book delves into the lineage of the Stevenson family, particularly focusing on their contributions as engineers and their experiences across generations in Scotland, intertwining personal anecdotes with broader historical narratives. The opening of the book introduces the reader to the Stevenson family tree, tracing their surname's evolution and historical context from the 13th century onward. It reveals a lineage that has faced both successes and tragedies, with a particular focus on the early lives of James Stevenson, his brother Hugh, and their heir, Robert Stevenson. The text sketches their aspirations, marriages, and struggles, ultimately painting a portrait of a family deeply rooted in the engineering profession, set against the backdrop of the rugged Scottish landscape and societal changes of their time. This initial section not only captures the essence of their individual experiences but sets the stage for further exploration of the family's lasting impact on engineering.