He stands to-day a match for any individual, East or West, in intellectual prowess.
Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ°.
The Engine will always reject a wrong card by continually ringing a loud bell and stopping itself until supplied with the precise intellectual food it demands.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ³Π½Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ: ΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π³ΡΠΎΠΌΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π΅ΠΉ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½Π°.
As to its superior intelligence, it is sufficient to say that all observers are unanimous in recognizing that its intellectual capacities remind one very much of those of man.
Π§ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ°, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡ: Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅.
Hijikataβs and Ashikawaβs intense artistic relationship demanded strength, motivation, and intelligence, both intellectual and physical, from both.
ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π₯ΠΈΠ΄Π·ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π²Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ° β ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.
From the earliest stages of its debut in France, butoh did not escape the notice of curious intellectuals.
Π‘ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π±ΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΎ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ².
In October 1926, Bottai launched a survey on Fascist art, asking artists and intellectuals to express their opinions on what Fascist art should be.
Π ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ 1926 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π» ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΡ.
Artists and intellectuals were thus expected to leave their ivory towers and engage with the people, the masses, whom they were supposed to guide and educate.
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ Π±Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ.
A critical intellectual, however, need not be a negative one.
ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π» Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ.
Traditional intellectuals give themselves an aura of historical continuity, despite the social upheavals they might have experienced.
Π’ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΅ΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ.
She was well connected to the high society in Italy where she attended cosmopolitan gatherings of artists, writers, and intellectuals.
Π£ Π½Π΅Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π² Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ².
But in Calcutta, both the KGB and the CIA were courting the Bengali intellectuals.
ΠΠΎ Π² ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΠΠ, ΠΈ Π¦Π Π£ ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ Π±Π΅Π½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ².
Suddenly, influential intellectuals were opposing local economic interests and politicians.
ΠΠ½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΏΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ².
Rangaku introduced Japanese intellectuals to the Western science of biology and LinnΓ©βs system of classification for the first time.
Π Π°Π½Π³Π°ΠΊΡ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΈΠ½Π½Π΅Ρ.
Around the same time, Japanese intellectuals began constructing a national garden history in an episteme obviously derived from Western art history.
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°.
Asian intellectuals only had partial agency in the process of defining their own gardens.
Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π·ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ.
While English intellectuals succeeded, their German counterparts lacked the historical material to cook up a modern national style.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³Π°ΠΌ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ.
The Japanese intellectuals were also trapped in a nationalist interpretation of horticulture that Western experts had heavily influenced.
Π―ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡ.
The Japanese intellectualsβ control over the discourse on horticulture in Japan extended into Western languages.
ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π΄ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π―ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈ.
Quickly, the professors were joined by famous intellectuals and artists who also resided in the area.
ΠΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π΅.
Ever since contacts with the West intensified, Japanese intellectuals had felt an urgent need to construe a unique identity for their country.
Π‘ ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ.