Stubborn or unmanageable; resistant to authority or control. The refractory child refused to follow the teacher's instructions.
Resistant to a process or stimulus, especially in a medical context. The patient was diagnosed with a refractory infection that did not respond to standard treatments.
Capable of enduring high temperatures without melting or breaking down, often used in reference to materials. The refractory bricks were used to line the furnace due to their ability to withstand extreme heat.