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separation
UK
/ˌsɛpəˈreɪʃən/
US
/ˌsɛpəˈreɪʃən/
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the principle of
separation
of powers
+78
law
séparation des pouvoirs
Fait partie du principe constitutionnel de « séparation des pouvoirs », qui limite la concentration de l’autorité gouvernementale.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
In addition to its more well-known stance in protecting the legitimate expectations of individuals in the context of the austerity measures, the Latvian Constitutional Court notably underlined that taking international loans is an important matter of state and public life which must be decided by the legislator on the basis of the principle of
separation of powers
and that, furthermore, the government cannot restrict fundamental rights by assuming international obligations.
+67
law
séparation des pouvoirs
Le principe constitutionnel selon lequel l’autorité gouvernementale est répartie entre des branches distinctes.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
The case law on this point was developed from the early 1950s when first the Cour de cassation (the highest civil court) and subsequently the Conseil d’État (as the former highest administrative court) reversed the previous position that judicial control of the compliance of Acts of Parliament with international treaties was not possible because of the
principle of separation of powers
.
+5
law
principe de la séparation des pouvoirs
Le principe constitutionnel selon lequel les pouvoirs législatif, exécutif et judiciaire sont répartis entre différentes branches du gouvernement.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
The rule of law is one of the most fundamental principles of the Constitution, alongside sovereignty, the inviolability of human dignity and the freedom and rights of the individual, justice, democracy, parliamentarism and
the separation of powers
.
+3
law
séparation des pouvoirs
Le principe constitutionnel selon lequel les pouvoirs gouvernementaux sont répartis entre différentes branches ou institutions.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
separation
from or divorce of parents
+3
welfare
séparation d’un enfant de ses parents
Dans ce contexte de protection de l’enfance, cela désigne le fait de séparer un enfant de ses parents.
Child-Centred Music Therapy
This book examines how the best interests of the child can guide music therapy theory, research and practice. Drawing on children’s rights and sociocultural perspectives, it reviews research on family care, education, mental health and paediatric settings, and discusses participation and ethical decision-making.
The Court further clarified that the form of the territorial distribution of power concerns only the internal aspect of the
vertical separation of powers
and not the external aspect which relates to participation in supranational organisations.
+1
law
séparation verticale des pouvoirs
La répartition de l’autorité gouvernementale entre les niveaux central et infranationaux de gouvernement.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
The implementation of EU law has entailed challenges in Spain regarding the rule of law, the
separation of powers doctrine
and the territorial distribution of power.
+1
law
doctrine de la séparation des pouvoirs
Le principe constitutionnel selon lequel les pouvoirs du gouvernement sont répartis entre différentes branches.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
repulsion, and
separation
+1
urbanism
séparation spatiale
L’un des types de relations que le système simule.
The AI City
This book develops the concept of an artificial intelligence city and examines its theoretical foundations, technologies and applications. Practical cases explore how urban planning and intelligent systems can support city development, services and management.
A strict
separation
between mind and body.
+1
philosophy
séparation
Décrit une division conceptuelle stricte entre l’esprit et le corps dans la manière dont la démence est présentée.
Dementia Lab 2025: Ethics + Aesthetics in Design
This collection presents research on designing with and for people living with dementia. Its studies examine participatory methods, care environments, technology and everyday experiences, with attention to ethical questions and aesthetic engagement.
This is a continual process of
separation
.
+1
philosophy
séparation
Désigne la séparation conceptuelle entre la nature et la culture, que le texte dit impossible à abolir.
Environmental Humanities in India
This collection examines environmental questions in India through literature, culture, Indigenous knowledge and the arts. Its essays explore relationships between people and landscapes, conservation, ecological justice and representations of environmental change.
Purification and
Separation
of Metals.
+1
metallurgy
séparation
Cela désigne la séparation du cuivre de la matière moins pure dans le procédé métallurgique décrit.
Electricity for Boys
"Electricity for Boys" by James Slough Zerbe is a practical guide written in the early 20th century. This work falls within the category of educational publications aimed at teaching young boys the fundamental concepts and applications of electricity through hands-on experiments. It emphasizes the importance of practical experience and experimentation over theoretical knowledge alone. The beginning of the text introduces the fascinating world of electricity, stressing the value of learning through practical application while experimenting with various tools and techniques. Zerbe explains that electricity can be understood better when boys engage directly with the material rather than through rote memorization of its principles. He lays out the book's fundamental approach to education, which involves experimenting, building, and discovering the principles that govern electrical phenomena. This foundational philosophy sets the stage for the more detailed chapters on specific electrical concepts and devices, reflecting a broader goal of fostering critical thinking and hands-on learning among young readers.
the surgical
separation
of twins
medicine
séparation
Ici, cela désigne la séparation chirurgicale de jumeaux conjoints.
National Constitutions in European and Global Governance: Democracy, Rights, the Rule of Law: National Reports
This two-volume book, published open access, brings together leading scholars of constitutional law from twenty-nine European countries to revisit the role of national constitutions at a time when decision-making has increasingly shifted to the European and transnational level. It offers important insights into three areas. First, it explores how constitutions reflect the transfer of powers from domestic to European and global institutions. Secondly, it revisits substantive constitutional values, such as the protection of constitutional rights, the rule of law, democratic participation and constitutional review, along with constitutional court judgments that tackle the protection of these rights and values in the transnational context, e.g. with regard to the Data Retention Directive, the European Arrest Warrant, the ESM Treaty, and EU and IMF austerity measures. The responsiveness of the ECJ regarding the above rights and values, along with the standard of protection, is also assessed.
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